DEAR DR. DONOHUE: Please tell me what ministrokes are, and how to deal with them. My husband, according to our doctor, has had a couple. – J.T.

ANSWER: “Ministrokes” refers to two different circulatory problems of the brain. One is transient ischemic attacks, and the other is blockage of small brain arteries.

Transient ischemic attacks – TIAs – are temporary losses of brain function due to a short interruption of blood flow to a part of the brain.

A person might experience weakness of an arm or leg, have difficulty speaking or become numb in a discrete area of the body. The symptoms usually last for less than 15 minutes and can persist as long as 24 hours, but never longer. Ministrokes of this sort are often warnings that a full-blown stroke is in the offing. Doctors frequently put people who have had a ministroke on aspirin to prevent a full-blown stroke.

The other circulatory problem called a ministroke is the blockage of one or more small brain arteries.

Such a blockage causes the death of a tiny section of brain. Sometimes, with one blockage, no symptoms occur. But as more small arteries become clogged, then memory deficits, clumsiness in walking and trouble using the correct word are examples of symptoms that can arise.

Both kinds of ministrokes are indications for an all-out stroke-prevention program. Blood pressure has to be maintained as close to normal as possible. Smoking must stop. Losing weight, when applicable, is important. If the person has diabetes, strict control of blood sugar is mandatory.

Lowering cholesterol is important. And staying as active as possible keeps blood circulating to the brain.

Dr. Donohue regrets that he is unable to answer individual letters, but he will incorporate them in his column whenever possible. Readers may write him or request an order form of available health newsletters at P.O. Box 536475, Orlando, FL 32853-6475. Readers may also order health newsletters from www.rbmamall.com

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