It is a common sight many an automobile owner is all too familiar with: A car is stranded on the side of the road with the hood open and smoke billowing out as an exasperated driver looks on shaking his or her head.

An overheated engine can render a car useless in a matter of minutes. A vehicle is propelled by an engine that ignites gasoline and causes controlled explosions within. An engine can produce quite a lot of heat. Compound this with external temperatures and an overheated engine may occur. Other mechanical factors can also cause an engine to overheat. These include a faulty thermostat to regulate coolant supply to the engine and even an inoperable radiator fan.

Experts say an average car engine is designed to operate within 195 to 220 F. Anything above that could cause engine failure. Overheating can cause a lot of damage to a car. It may damage and burn holes in the parts. Rings, pistons or rod bearings may become impaired, or one can blow a head gasket. Coolant is designed to protect an engine to a point, but it can also become compromised under high heat. Boiling coolant may cause the radiator and hoses to burst.

The best way to avoid engine and vehicle trouble due to overheating is to prevent an engine from becoming overheated in the first place. Here are strategies to employ.

1. Ensure that coolant levels are maintained and there are no leaks that would cause coolant to drip out. Be sure the right coolant is being used for the particular vehicle.

2. Dirty, inadequate motor oil cannot dissipate heat as well as clean oil. Check the oil level and viscosity. Change the oil before a long trip or if it looks past its prime.

3. Confirm radiator hoses are in good working order and do not look worn out.

4. Have a mechanic check that a radiator fan is working and that there is adequate air flow through the radiator.

5. Be aware of engine temperature by watching the gauge on the dashboard.

If an engine seems like it’s about to overheat, here are some steps to take.

* Slow down, and pull into the right lane. Turn on the heat in the car and open the windows. This may draw heat out of the engine block, while maintaining a slow pace can continue to draw air over the engine.

* Pull over and open the hood to allow the engine to cool.

* Top off the radiator with coolant. Water can also work in a pinch.

* Take frequent breaks during long road trips to allow the engine to cool down for at least 15 minutes.

* Be sure to clear the radiator from obstructions, including leaves or insects that may have collected.

Men and women without auto maintenance experience should not touch anything under the hood. Consult with a mechanic to determine engine overheating causes.

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